Probation And Parole And Juvenile Offenders Essay

Probation and parole were unknown concepts until the early 19th century. Just over one-hundred years old, the emphasis has moved from the offender to concern for the welfare of the community, altogether public safety. Probation and parole accommodates the offender by allowing them to reenter or remain in society, while they serve their sentences. Today, the probation and parole agencies in the United States handle millions and only sixty percent of probationers complete their obligations successfully. Fifteen percent of parolees eventually return to prison, suggesting that there is success in the probation and parole system. The goals of corrections include punishment, rehabilitation and deterrence of crime; supervision of criminals and preparing offenders for re-entry into society. Corrections also aim to prevent recidivism or relapse of criminal behavior as well as reducing delinquency and violence in communities. The first probation officers were expected to provide moral lead ership to their probationers, helping them shape positive attitudes, behaviors toward family and religion, how they use their free time, along with gaining employment. There has been enormous change in the philosophy and practice of sentencing and corrections over the last twenty years. The historical changes in sentencing and corrections policies are characterized in four major goals; retribution, rehabilitation, deterrence and incapacitation. Retribution refers to punishment for doingShow MoreRelatedProbation Orientation Meetings And The Criminal Justice Field865 Words   |  4 PagesProbation Orientation Meetings are held on a monthly basis at the District Office as apart to help reentry initiatives. While in an informal setting, a probation officer and the sentencing judge explains the conditions, requirements and answer question. This assist the offender in understanding what is required to successfully complete probation. Probation and Parole is apart of community policing that deals with ethics, integrity, values. This promotes and supports organization strategies to addressRead MoreDefinition Of Adult Probation And Parole953 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"implement the Census of Adult Probation Supervising Agencies (CAPSA), 2014. This will be the first census of its kind in more than 20 years. It will provide current information on the organization and nature of adult probation in the United States† (Community Corrections (Probation and Parole), 2015). Such census would provide valuable information regarding the current state of the community corrections program: probation. As stated before in this research, both probation and parole have imperfections whichRead MoreCorrections : The Controversies Of Offenders901 Words   |  4 PagesCommunity Corrections: The Controversies of Offenders Sentenced to Probation or Parole When the English common law emerged, it declared that the King had the ultimate authority over children, and; thus, children were assets. Throughout centuries, children were considered â€Å"little adults,† and â€Å"property,† consequently, exploitation of children as laborers was a customary occurrence. Families who were in severe poverty saw child labor as a necessity (Davin, 2008). During colonial times, children wereRead MoreJuvenile Corrections Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pages1. What are five goals of juvenile corrections? How effectively are these goals achieved? The goals of juvenile corrections are too deter, rehabilitate and reintegrate, prevent, punish and reattribute, as well as isolate and control youth offenders and offenses. Each different goal comes with its own challenges. The goal of deterrence has its limits; because rules and former sanctions, as well anti-criminal modeling and reinforcement are met with young rebellious minds. Traditional counseling andRead MoreThe Origins Of Juvenile Justice1385 Words   |  6 Pagesorigins of juvenile justice, from the house of refuge to the juvenile programs of today. Ans: In the early nineteenth century, the idea of reforming youth offenders took root in the United States. The House of Refuge in New York, which opened in 1824, was the first juvenile house of reform in the United States. This was the first attempt to house juvenile offenders in a separate facility and other States, like Maryland, would soon follow suit. The idea was not to punish juveniles offenders as adultsRead MoreJuvenile Crime : The Criminal Justice System1031 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 1990s, violent juvenile crime rates had reached record high levels throughout the United States. During these years, many Americans considered the criminal justice system too easy on violent juvenile offenders and demanded reform. Many states, including Florida began to focus efforts on juvenile crime. â€Å"Florida’s criminal sentencing laws and punishment policies from 1980 to 2000 reflected an ongoing, focused effort to deter serious crimes† (Taylor). Crimes were given stric ter sentencing guidelinesRead MoreJuvenile Vs Juvenile915 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile v. Adult Corrections Juvenile delinquents use to not face police or a correction system, only the fear and punishment of their families. However, as the juvenile delinquents aged they were faced with harsher punishments, but it was not until the 1800s reformers started looking for ways to teach values and built asylum and training schools. Then the concept of parens patriae occurred to establish the right to intervene in a child’s life when there were issues (Siegel, 2016). The next majorRead MoreThe Goals Of Criminal Sanction1253 Words   |  6 Pagesdeterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. Carried out through incarceration, intermediate sanctions, probation, and death are goals of the criminal sanction. Penal codes differ if the permitted sentences are indeterminate, determinate, or mandatory. Each sentence has an assumption about the criminal sanction. Judges consider discretion in fashioning sentences for factors of the crime, the offenders aggravating circumstances. They sentence peo ple by their attitude, what they did before the court dateRead MoreParole Is The Release Of A Convicted Offender1230 Words   |  5 PagesParole is the release of a convicted offender after he or she has completed a portion of his or her prison sentence (Alarid Del Carmen, 2012). Probation is a form of sentence for violating the law, which suspends the convicted offender’s sentence for a period of time and releases the offender back into the community under specific conditions (Alarid Del Carmen, 2012). The start of probation can be linked to England’s criminal law. During Henry VIII’s time, harsh sanctions were placed on adultsRead MoreCorrectional Facilities and Environments1166 Words   |  5 Pagesare normally placed on probation rather than being sent to prison. In other cases, convicted criminals who have served their jail terms are usually released on parole. In addition to meeting other requirements, criminals are required to stay out of trouble during parole and probation periods. In order to prevent offenders from committing new offenses; probation, parole, and correctional treatments officers and specialists are involved in supervision of these criminals. Probation officers are involved

Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus - 4129 Words

Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus HOME Who am I? Interesting Articles Helpful Hints Links Publication Guidelines Advertising Info Contacting Me Visit me at work at Lehigh Valley Wellness Center by Louise Diehl, RN, MSN, ND, CCRN, ACNS-BC, NP-C Nurse Practitioner - Owner Doctor of Naturopathy Lehigh Valley Wellness Center Before you begin your teaching plan be sure to define the characteristics of the clinical site and patient population. The teaching plan should be customized to this population. This is a sample teaching plan that you can use and customize to your needs. You may want to design a pre-test and post-test to give your patients would are attending the teaching program. Based on†¦show more content†¦This continued education can take place as needed on a one-on-one basis and can be included with the routine office visit or at a separate time that is convenient for the patient and health care practitioner. The teaching plan can be tailored to the needs of the patients who will be attending the classes. It can be tailored to the patient’s abilities, developmental stage and learning styles. The teaching plan can be a combination of lecture format, handouts, videos, powerpoint presentations, demonstrations and group discussion. The fee charged for the teaching program has to be determined by the person, group or facility offering the teaching program. Many insurances do not reimburse for this type of education. This has to be taken into consideration with the intended audience. Teaching Plan for Diabetes Teaching Plan would include 6 evening or day classes consisting of 2-3 hour sessions of education and group discussion. The topics and discussions would be as follows. Day 1 General overview of Diabetes (2 hours) Day 2 Blood glucose monitoring and goals of blood glucose monitoring (3 hours) Day 3 Medications and Insulin (2 – 3 hours) Day 4 Complications from Diabetes (1 hour) Skin and Foot Care (0.5 hour) Exercise and Diabetes (1.5 hour) Day 5 Diet and Diabetes (2 hours) Coping with Diabetes (1 hour) Day 6 Questions and Answers (1 hour) Review of any concepts requested by patients (1 hour) General Overview of Diabetes Patients withShow MoreRelatedTeaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus1897 Words   |  8 PagesTeaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus Bonny York Jacksonville University Nursing 342 October 10 2011 Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 1 The Identified Learning Need Patients with diabetes have very comprhensive learning needs. The learning needs are focused on managing their glucose levels and preventing complications of diabetes. Learning needsRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus Teaching Plan Assignment1258 Words   |  6 PagesPage 1 Florie Ismael VN Student June 1, 2017 Diabetes Mellitus Teaching Plan Assignment Diabetes Mellitus Teaching Plan Glucose Monitoring To maintain an average glucose reading you must maintain a healthy diet. Glucose monitoring must be checked before meals and before snacking on any food items or beverages that consist of carbohydrates. Glucose intake is primarily effected from your carbohydrate intake. To keep blood sugar on target and to Avoid problems with your body blood sugar readingsRead MoreTeaching Plan Diabetes Mellitus5445 Words   |  22 PagesDiabetic Foot Care Teaching Plan for the Home Health Nurse Diabetic Foot Care Teaching Plan According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2011), 25.8 million Americans, 8.3 percent of the population, have diabetes and nearly 27 percent of those 26 million Americans, are undiagnosed. In 2010, the CDC reported nearly 2 million Americans aged 20 years and older were diagnosed with diabetes. Diabetic education is an important part of helping those with diabetes effectively manageRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : A Disease Affecting Multi Organ System1190 Words   |  5 PagesDiabetes mellitus or DM is a disease affecting multi-organ systems due to the abnormal insulin production, improper insulin usage or even both. It is a very serious health problem throughout the world effecting thousands of people.A survey conducted in United States showed that almost 6.2% of the population suffers from this disease. It is a matter of great issue that almost one -third of the population is unaware of the disease. Incidence Diabetes is actually the fifth leading cause of deathsRead MoreDeveloping The Strategy For Children With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1580 Words   |  7 PagesDeveloping the Strategy Every eighth person in the United States suffers from type 2 diabetes mellitus. According to the CDC, as of 2010 there were 26 million patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the U.S. (CDC, 2011). The problem has been increasing despite various proactive and preventive measures developed to reduce its prevalence. In order to promote and ensure compliance, it is important to clearly understand the factors underlying patients’ decisions for noncompliance (Peters, 2012)Read MoreEssay on Diabetes Mellitus1381 Words   |  6 Pages1. Discuss the pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition in which the body has the inability to produce insulin or react normally to insulin. The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus is extremely complex, as diabetes mellitus is characterized by different types but share common symptoms and complications. Diabetes mellitus is classified in two types: Type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Although the disease is characterized by different etiologiesRead MoreDevelopment Of Culture Centered Educational Program For Nigerian Immigrants Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesKnowledge and Attitudes Surrounding Diabetes Mellitus Name Affiliation Development of Culture-Centered Educational Program for Nigerian Immigrants to Assess Knowledge and Attitudes Surrounding Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Diabetes Mellitus affects 29.1 million people in the United States of America. According to the center for disease control and prevention (2014), minorities have higher rates of disability and death due to diabetes mellitus. Traditional diabetes educational programs have not provenRead MoreTeaching The Patient With Diabetes Mellitus Type Two869 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching the Patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type Two Introduction Teaching self-care management in today’s society has become a crucial aspect in medical treatment. Providing educational consultation for the patient creates awareness towards progressive overall health. Nurses are an important medium of the interdisciplinary team when patient teaching is involved. The nurse will provide education to the patient and family while under the nurse’s care. In order for teaching to be effective: the nurseRead MoreEssay on Dm Teaching Plan745 Words   |  3 PagesHealth Promotion and Disease Prevention Teaching Plan Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin to meet its needs (Kishore, 2008). Due to the lack of education, many people with DM are not aware of the fact that it requires lifestyle changes, which happens to be challenging for most. Mrs. C is reported to be 72 - year - old Latin American woman with history of DM for 10 years.Read MoreThe Third Leading Cause Death Of The United States1149 Words   |  5 PagesDid you know diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States? (Fukunaga, 2011). Many are unaware approximately 25.8 million American’s, 8.3% of the population suffer from diabetes. Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM II) is by far the most prevalent and accounts for 90-95 percent of the 25.8 million diabetic patients. The long term complications of DM II make it a devastating disease. It is the leading cause of adult blindness, end-stage kidney disease, and non-traumatic lower limb

To What Extent Did Stalin Establish a Personal Dictatorship in the Years 1929 Free Essays

To what extent did Stalin establish a personal dictatorship in the years 1929-1939? Between 1929 and 1930 Stalin used various ways to establish a personal dictatorship. This allowed Stalin to establish a personal dictatorship in these years. In order to do this Stalin instituted a party purge to silence the opposition of Riutin and his supporters, the assassination of Kirov, executed delegated party congresses, The trial of the twenty-one and general Purges. We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Did Stalin Establish a Personal Dictatorship in the Years 1929 or any similar topic only for you Order Now A purge was the systematic elimination of opponents by Stalin, The assassination of Kirov allowed Stalin to use it as an excuse to begin the purges. In 1932, Kirov had helped to defeat Stalin on an important issue concerning Mikhail Riutin, who had circulated a document that was highly critical of Stalin. Stalin was furious and demanded Ruitins execution. However the central committee and the politburo refused to order Ruitins execution, Stalin viewed this as a betrayal. In December 1934, Kirov was murdered by Nikolayev who claimed was working for a secret terror group who wanted to overthrow the soviet government; however Zinoviev and Kamenev were arrested for the conspiracy of Kirov’s Murder. This murder rid Stalin of his most powerful rival, whilst allowing him to imprison two of his old opponents, basically â€Å"two birds with one stone†. The Murder of Kirov allowed Stalin to establish dictatorship because with the death of Kirov, it gave Stalin an excuse to purge and the purges became more systematic and far-reaching. In the spring of 1937, Stalin argued that the conspiracy against the Soviet people was not restricted to the forty or so people involved in the show trials, and so the start of the purges against the party and army began. The effects on the party were dramatic. Between 1934 and 1938, some 330,000 party members were convicted of being enemies of the people. Stalin had never fully trusted the Red Army because the majority of its senior officers had been appointed by his arch rival, Trotsky. For this reason Stalin feared that the military might try to seize power. In June 1937 eight Generals were tired. In the following eighteen months, 34,000 soldiers were purged from the army. This silenced the opposition of Riutin and his supporters. With this Stalin had no problems to establish a personal dictatorship as his opponents would have been in fear to rise up or oppose against Stalin’s ideas. The Trail of the twenty-one in 1938 was the trial of Bukharin, Rykov and their accomplices. The defendants were accused of attempting to overthrow socialism and of the murder of Kirov, Bukharin was personally charged with attempting to assassinate Lenin. Bukharin tried to prove his loyalty to Stalin but failed on several occasions. Bukharin confessed to political responsibility for the crimes of which he was accused, however Bukharin never confessed to trying to assassinate Lenin. All attempts failed and Bukharin was sentenced to death. With the execution of Zinoviev, Kamenev and Bukharin, Stalin had shown that there will be no mercy for those who opposed his power. With the elimination of Bukharin and the right, Stalin had no opposition to prevent him from gaining power. The show trials targeted the previous generation of the Communist Party. The Purges of 1937 wiped out younger members of the party, and dealt with unreliable elements within the army. A general purge of the Russian people kept the country in a state of fear and obedience. This enabled Stalin to establish a personal dictatorship as he eliminated any future rivals and kept Russia in a state of fear to prevent uprising. To conclude Stalin used various ways to establish personal dictatorship between 1929 – 1939. The Murder of Kirov allowed him to begin the purges as an excuse which allowed him to suppress his opponents. With the assasination of Kirov, Stalin was free of his rival and was able to lock away Zinoviev and Kamenev; however this was only the start to which he established a personal dictatorship. The main reason I believe that allowed him to establish a personal dictatorship was the trial of twenty one. This trial rid of him his rivals and allowed him to eliminate the right. The trail gave him power and sent fear into anyone who tried to oppose him. How to cite To What Extent Did Stalin Establish a Personal Dictatorship in the Years 1929, Papers

Dumbing Down Of Statutory Interpretation †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Dumbing Down Of Statutory Interpretation? Answer: Introducation During the last few years the high court of Australia has endorsed without any dispute a few principles which are required to properly give meaning to legislation. Among such principles the most important is that in case the law which is applicable is expressly provided in the legislation the appropriate point to start the analysis of the law is the text of the legislation and not any common law or elaborations of the provisions by courts. In addition it has been provided by the court that for the purpose of giving meaning and bringing out the intention of the parliament in relation to a provision it would not be a correct steps towards only considering status dirty words separately. For the purpose of adopting a proper approach the meaning of the words in relation to the legislation have to be analyzed based on the fact that how search words appear in the context of the legislation. Therefore at the very least the judges must examine the total sentence along with the paragraphs and more appropriately the provisions immediately surrounding the rule for the purpose of properly giving meaning to the words of legislation[1]. In the famous case of Carr v The State of Western Australia[2] the courts not only considered the text or the legislation but also the purpose at the overall context where the text fits in the registration. This approach by the court leads to an appropriate interpretation of the legislation[3]. The judge has a fundamentally textual task of interpretative constitutional statutory of subordinate legislation. Judge should not stay very far from the text show the consideration of policy or context. The fundamental for the financial task on the task of a citizen or a lawyer with respect to the interpretation of legislation is the text. Constitutional Foundation exists in relation to the text obedience. Therefore at most relevance should be given to the text to provide meaning to the statue[4]. As per the traditional approach there are three basic rules of statutory interpretation which are divided into Golden Rule, Literal Rule and Mischief Rule. According to the interpretation act 1979 section 6A provision of an Act has to be constructed with respect to purpose of the Act and must not be exceed the powers which have been provided by the act[5]. According to the Literal rule of interpretation the words and phrases of a legislation is to be given the ordinary or dictionary meaning to bring out the intention of the parliament. According to the golden rule of Interpretation unless there is ambiguity the natural and ordinary meaning is given to statue. According to the Mischief Rule of statutory Interpretation, giving meaning to ambiguous phrase or word with respect to the legislation is done by giving relevance to the defect or mischief which the provisions seeks to rectify[6] The objective of the Act is to prevent dangerous and offensive behavior by unit and apartment residents. The Act through section 2 provides that a resident is a person who owns leases or is in-charge or the apartment. Further a business activity is defined as any action in relation to operating a commercial enterprise or activities related to customers. Section 3 of the Act states that a resident must not indulge in an action which causes offensive odors, undue noise or any annoyance to the other residents of the apartment after 10pm and before 6am and the breach of the section attracts a penalty of $400. Section 4 of the Act states that a resident should not conduct a business activity in relation to an apartment at any time, breach of the section results in a penalty of $2400. Application In this given scenario the new legislation has been brought to promote harmony between the residences along with their well being as the density of people residing in the area has increased over the last 5 years. The Act defines commercial activities as any activity which is related to customers what is in the course of business. It is specifically provided by the act that no person at any time living in the apartment is allowed to carry on a business activity. In relation to Section 4 it can be said that the words defining a business activity is not clear and ambiguous and thus the golden rule of interpretation can be used in this case. In this case it can be provided that the Legislature would not consider teaching as a commercial activity as in the society it is most of the time is a community development activity. Using the golden rule it can be stated that Kate was only teaching and having a discussion with Karam and therefore it should not be treated as a commercial activity given that the purpose of the act is to promote harmony and not unnecessary punishment for the residents. The act clearly provides that the residents must not cause undue orders after 10 p.m. before 6 A.M which would annoy The Other Apartment residence. The meaning of what can be regarded as undue has not been provided by the Act. In the given situation smoking cannot be regarded as undue odours because the smell generated from it is not so harsh that it would annoy resident living in another apartment. In addition the police only found the Astra which was overflowing but there was no proof that they have smoke all the cigarettes after 10 pm to cause the inconvenience claimed by the other resident. Conclusion Therefore considering the text, purpose and the position of the text in the context of the legislation it can be provided that Kate and Karam is not liable to be prosecuted under section 3 and 4 of the Act. References Brodie v Singleton Shire Council (2001) 206 CLR 512 Carr v The State of Western Australia [2007] HCA 47 Kelly v The Queen (2004) 218 CLR 216 Kirby M, Statutory Interpretation: The Meaning of Management [2011] Melbourne University Law Review 3; (2011) 35(1) Melbourne University Law Review 113 Nygh P and Butt P, Butterworths Concise Australian Legal Dictionary (Butterworths, 6th ed, 2011). Staszewski, Glen. "The Dumbing Down of Statutory Interpretation." (2015) [1] Kirby M, Statutory Interpretation: The Meaning of Meaning [2011] Melbourne University Law Review 3; (2011) 35(1) Melbourne University Law Review 113 [2] [2007] HCA 47 [3] Kelly v The Queen (2004) 218 CLR 216 [4] Brodie v Singleton Shire Council (2001) 206 marketing 512 [5] Staszewski, Glen. "The Dumbing Down of Statutory Interpretation." (2015). [6] Nygh P and Butt P, Butterworths Concise Australian Legal Dictionary (Butterworths, 6th ed, 2011).